1185-53-1

Chemical Properties

White crystalline powder. Tris HCl has a pKa of 8.08 at 25°C and pH range of 7.0 to 9.0 that coincides with the physiological pH of most living organisms because of which it is commonly used as a component of buffer solutions in biology, biochemistry and molecular biology applications. Tris salts are also used for crystallization of proteins at various pH values. Neither Tris base nor Tris hydrochloride by itself provide adequate buffering capacity. Generally the two need to be mixed together to provide a buffer with pH between 7 and 9 to provide adequate buffering.

Uses

TRIS hydrochloride is a high quality buffer component used in SDS-PAGE. For precise applications, use a carefully calibrated pH meter with a glass/calomel combination electrode. The pH values of all buffers are temperature and concentration dependent. For Tris buffers, pH increases about 0.03 unit per °C decrease in temperature, and decreases 0.03-0.05 unit per ten-fold dilution. It is also used in the robust generation of transgenic mice.

Application

TRIS hydrochloride is highly soluble in water and is useful in the pH range 7.0-9.0. It is used in the preparation of Laemmli buffer, one of the most common SDS-PAGE buffers. In addition, Tris can also be used for many custom running and loading buffers, most often with glycine and SDS. The use of single-junction pH electrodes that contain silver should be avoided when determining the pH of a solution containing Tris buffer.

Preparation

The preparation of TRIS hydrochloride is as follows:After reacting 2-amino-1,3-propanediol (2.50 g, 27.44 mmol) and formic acid (1.26 g, 27.44 mmol) in 50 ml of water at room temperature for 3 hours, water was distilled off under reduced pressure, A liquid was obtained. By washing the obtained liquid,An ammonium formate salt (3.76 g, 27.44 mmol) was obtained as a colorless transparent liquid.

General Description

Trizma? hydrochloride is mainly required for preparation of buffer at physiological range of 7.3 to 7.5. The prepared buffer is compatible with biological fluids. It is of importance to laboratories as a standard pH solution.

Purification Methods

Crystallise the salt from 50% EtOH, then from 70% EtOH. TRIS-hydrochloride is also available commercially in a highly pure state. Otherwise, recrystallise it from 50% EtOH, then 70% EtOH, and dry it below 40o to avoid risk of decomposition. [Beilstein 4 H 304.]

Consumer Uses

ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which this substance is most likely to be released to the environment.